پژوهشنامه نهج البلاغه
پیاپی 33 (بهار 1400)

The present article is investigated Imam Ali's letter to Malek Ashtar. One part of the article is used Imam Ali's words to explain shariah's purposes. Islamic law has great goals and purposes, for example, slavery, justice, security, and kindness are the most important shariah purposes that are mentioned in 53rd Imam Ali's letter. the other topic of the article is the function of shariah purposes in political jurisprudence, One of its most important functions is its role in the interpretation and understanding of the Qur'an and Hadith. In this article, as a new study, we show how this function can be used. , we analyzed the issue of the laws of war and peace and relations between Muslims and non-Muslims from the perspective of the goals of religion with the emphasis on that letter. The result of the study is the choice of peace as the chosen principle achieving the goals of religion.

Achieving meanings and recognizing words It depends on research in certain sciences such as semantics,Because Semantics is the science that knowing the exact vocabulary and discovers their hidden meanings in different texts.One of the semantic methods is the multi-semantic discussion of words that have been interpreted from the title of the science of Semantics and the like, In the sense that a word is somehow embedded in the context of Nahj al-Balaghah Despite its resemblance to words and movements in any linguistic context, it has a meaning other than the first meaning.In fact, a word that has more than one meaning is called Multifacet.This research seeks to through analytical-descriptive methods And the division of companion words into three groups: noun, verb and descriptiveAnd by extracting the various meanings of the word "command" in Nahj al-Balaghah, examine its various semantic aspects. And in this way to find out the multiplicity of the word. In this analysis, semantics was identified The word "command" in different contexts And as a result of associating with some words It has accepted many meanings such as God's command, war, arbitrariness, caliphate, etc.In other words, understanding the different meanings of this word depends on the context in which it is.

Nahj al-Balagha The most recognized Nahj al-Balagha scholars is a book of human beings whose detailed understanding requires mastery of valuable knowledge such as rhetorical science. The word of Imam Hammam, together with the eloquence and rhetoric, has stunned and amazed all those who are enjoying the Passover. The purpose of this article is to display and monitor such areas of Amir Mummani's speech and fantasy in one of his final sermons known as Jihad sermon and compare it with Ibn Nabati Fariqi's sermons, relying on Ibnabi al-Hadid's commentary and response. The question of the extent to which Ibn Nabatah has used and succeeded in the sermons of Imam Hammam's sermons. This article is a descriptive-analytical method to compare and contrast the jihadist sermon of the 27 Imams with Ibn Nabatah's five jihadist sermons to explain that Nahj al-Balagha possesses profound meanings and profound meanings. Tied to human nature and derived from the source of revelation, its sermons used metaphors, metaphors, and rhetorical precision, while Ibn Nabatah's jihadist sermons and over-the-top texts made the sermons unnecessary. Has made a soul and artifact, every speaker of speech in similar pedestal and dealing with the glittering essence of Nahj al-Balagha except Her impotence has not taken a step, because no raven in the sky can help the rabble to deal with the sun. The word of the Imam, while eloquent and rhetoric, is succinct and expressive, while Ibn Nabatah in his sermons using the word and the word failed to reach the foot of the Nahj al-Balagha.

Goodness and badness are one of most important subjects of the Islamic theology that have different results in areas and branches such as ethics and beliefs. The Ash'arites consider goodness and badness as the religious and product of Shari'a rules, and the Mu'tazilites and Shiites consider it as one of the rules of reason and prior to Shari'a. According to the second category, goodness and badness of rulings are subject to their interests and corruptions. The verdict of goodness is subject to expediency and the verdict of badness is corrupt. Of course, due to the limitations of human intellect, finding supporting materials and corruptions or the good and bad of rulings is achieved only for some rulings and not as a general rule. The present study, with an analytical-descriptive approach based on a library method, seeks to investigate the attitude of Nahj al-Balaghah to the issue of goodness and badness and answer the question whether it can be used as a reason for the theory of goodness and badness? In answer to the central question of the research, some may claim that this book is not concerned with the issue of goodness and badness and does not refer to this principle. However, some of its interpretations can be used to prove and confirm the claim of this important theological principle. Therefore, with the help of Nahj al-Balaghah's attitude to the issue of nature, the role and position of reason, as well as parts of Imam's (as) statements, the answer to the research question can be found; Given that the rationality of goodness and badness is a conscience. Presenting narrated reasons and evidences on it is mostly punitive and negligent.

The sermon of Gharrā requires various analyzes in view of its special literary and moral value. Considering that the application of linguistic topics in the study of religious texts provides the possibility of analyzing different angles of the research problem, the present study pay attention to analyzing of the sermon of Gharrāʿ with a descriptive-analytical method and based on John Searle's theory of speech act till by this way represent a structural study of the sermon of Gharra, that it have a powerful lingual framework in presentation of important contents. Accordingly among the five speech acts, the expressive, persuasive and emotional speech act is prominent in the sermon of Gharrāʿ. Of course, the general spirit of the thematic verb in speech, according to the intralingual context in the use of rhyming pieces as well as descriptions and metaphors, and on the other hand, the context of the sermon that caused the sermon, is a persuasive and emotional speech act, which in the indirect layer of speech act, it warns the audience against worldliness and neglect of death and encourages divine piety and carrying luggage for the Hereafter. What doubles the impact of speech acts is the quality of use of these speech acts that are not linear and have ups and downs. Before reaching the climax where indirect persuasive and emotional act is to be performed, the declarative act provides the appropriate grounding.

Woman as one of the dual elements of social life, has been constantly considered by different religions and legal systems in various dimensions. One of the most important issues for women has been their "financial rights". A look at the Qur'anic and Alawite teachings shows that such rights of women have been considered. The present article answers this question by understanding such importance and using the research method descriptive-analytical: what are women's financial rights in Iranian law and the Qur'anic and Alawite teachings? In answer to this question, such a conclusion has been reached; First; in Iranian law and the Islamic financial law system, basically, woman, like man, have an independent financial system and therefore independent financial rights. Second; Despite inequality in the financial rights of men and women in the Qur'anic and Alawite perspectives, in other forms, these inequalities have been moderated, and, of course, such an adjustment does not mean moving in the direction of "equality in financial rights." Third; Since the ultimate goals in the Qur'anic and Alawite teachings are beyond the individual rights of women, so, women's financial rights should be interpreted in the context and terms of issues such as slavery and family consolidation. Fourth; Women's financial rights in Iranian law are not fundamentally different from the Qur'anic and Alawite teachings.

Imam Ali (AS) has raised some facts of creation in a variety of issues in Nahj al-Balaghah in order to reveal the arrangement and purposefullness of the world of creation, many of which can be in accordance with contemporary scientific discoveries. In the margin of his translation, Mohammad Dashti has adapted some of these topics to the common sciences in the present era and has introduced the words of Imam (AS) as a reference to these sciences. The present study tries to study and critique Dashti views by analytical-descriptive method and by comparing the content of these sciences with the words of Imam (AS). According to the present study, most of the mentioned sciences, such as Electromagnetic Waves, Acoustics, Entomology are correct in Dashti translation due to the existence of precise points or general and extensive scientific topics in Nahj al-Balaghah, and the words of Imam (AS) can be considered as a reference to these sciences. However, in many cases like Metallology, Petrology and Zoology there is no specific scientific justification and in the words of Imam (AS) there is no reference to the mentioned sciences. Also, in a small number of cases, the necessary care has not been taken in mentioning the title of the science. This means that some of them are not considered as an independent scientific discipline or the title of science presented by Dashti does not agree with the definitions mentioned in specialized books.